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Radio Frequency (RF) Signal Detection & Spectral Analysis

Technical classification, operational frequency profiles, and systematic hunting methodologies for modern RF surveillance transmitters, digital packet bursts, and covert transceivers.

Cellular Eavesdropping

4G LTE & 5G Covert Audio Bugs

Analyzing audio transmitters and GPS beacons utilizing cellular uplink bands. These devices activate on voice detection (VOX) or remote SMS trigger.

  • Frequency Bands: 700 MHz – 2600 MHz, Sub-6 GHz
  • Transmission Mode: VoLTE packets, encrypted data streams
  • Detection Strategy: Uplink burst monitoring & power ramping analysis
Analyze Cellular Intercepts →
Wi-Fi & Packet Sniffing

Wi-Fi Store-and-Forward Microrecorders

Local micro-recorders that store hours of audio internally and dump compressed packets in short, millisecond bursts via 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.

  • Frequency Bands: 2.400 – 2.484 GHz, 5.150 – 5.850 GHz
  • Transmission Mode: 802.11 b/g/n/ac/ax burst frames
  • Detection Strategy: Real-time persistence waterfall analysis & RSSI correlation
Inspect Burst Transmissions →
Short-Range Beacons

Bluetooth LE & Proximity Trackers

AirTag-style micro-beacons and BLE audio bugs using pseudo-random advertising channels to relay telemetry through nearby mesh devices.

  • Frequency Bands: 2.402 – 2.480 GHz (Channels 37, 38, 39)
  • Transmission Mode: GFSK short advertising bursts
  • Detection Strategy: Continuous rolling MAC address de-anonymization
Explore BLE Detection →
Analog & Sub-Carrier

VHF / UHF Analog Micro-Transmitters

Traditional continuous-wave transmitters utilizing FM, WFM, or sub-carrier modulation to transmit raw analog audio over localized perimeters.

  • Frequency Bands: 130 – 174 MHz (VHF), 400 – 470 MHz (UHF)
  • Transmission Mode: Continuous unencrypted FM/AM modulation
  • Detection Strategy: Proximity near-field sweeping & audio demodulation
Inspect VHF/UHF Carriers →
Spread Spectrum

FHSS & Spread-Spectrum Audio Links

Military-grade and bespoke commercial bugs utilizing Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) or Direct Sequence (DSSS) to evade wideband power meters.

  • Frequency Bands: 902 – 928 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz ISM
  • Transmission Mode: Pseudo-random channel hops (>100 hops/sec)
  • Detection Strategy: High-speed Real-Time Spectrum Analysis (RTSA)
Explore Spread Spectrum →
Optical RF Link

Free-Space Optical & Laser Eavesdropping

Non-RF transmission systems utilizing infrared (IR) diodes or laser window reflection to extract audio vibrations without emitting radio signals.

  • Optical Bands: 850 nm – 1550 nm (Near-Infrared / SWIR)
  • Transmission Mode: Amplitude modulated coherent light
  • Detection Strategy: IR sensor arrays & window vibroacoustic masking
Analyze Laser Intercepts →

RF Threat Spectrum Reference Matrix

Baseline reference for field operators identifying anomalous spectrum peaks during RF sweep operations.

Band / Protocol Primary Use Case Signature Type Typical Sweeping Method
VHF / UHF (130–470 MHz) Tactical Analog Microphones Continuous Carrier Near-Field Probe & FM Demodulator
Sub-1 GHz ISM (868/915 MHz) LoRa / Custom Burst Trackers Chirp / FSK Bursts Waterfall Spectrogram Baseline
2.4 GHz ISM / Wi-Fi / BLE Digital Microrecorders & Video Packet Bursts / FHSS RTSA with Persistence Display
LTE / 5G Sub-6 GHz Long-Range Remote Listening Uplink OFDMA Frames Selective Base Station Isolation Sweeps